回顧2008年與未來展望 -- Hunker down

2008年對航空業者是相當慘痛的一年.英國《經濟學人》（the Economist）雜誌總編輯富蘭克林(Daniel Franklin)說，「在年初時，誰能料到八十五年歷史的投資銀行貝爾斯登（Bear Stearns）會倒？誰會預測一百五十八年歷史的雷曼兄弟（Lehman Brothers）走入歷史？誰能算到從房地美（Freddie Mac）、房利美（Fannie Mae）、美林（Merrill Lynch）、AIG等招牌，會和危機一詞連在一起？」
七月之前國際油價屢創新高,飆高到逼近每桶一百五十美元,票價不得不調高以反應成本,但高油價時代使得整體經濟低迷,人們消費已趨保守更不用說是付更高的票價出國旅行.各航空公司開始減少班機以避免赤字持續擴大.九月以後國際金融風暴洗捲全球,景氣更是詭譎,裁員關廠不斷,股票市場更是一遍哀鴻遍野,錢就這樣蒸發不見了.航空公司的經營面臨前所未有的嚴峻挑戰,如何生存或創造穫利呢?說難也不難說簡單也不簡單--開源節流.
兩岸大三通對航空公司是開源的大好消息,各種優惠航線應立刻推出以增加載客運輸量.但更重要的是節流的改革(請參考航空公司管理書籍可得知支出項目).航空公司其實最大的支出就是人事成本.問題是沒有主管願意犧牲自己完成改革;道理很簡單因為航空公司絕大多數的重要主管多以飛行員晉用,理所當然這些主管勢必盡全力保護以飛行員為主的體系以維持自身利益,如果有誰企圖破壞則立刻會被撤換.航空公司在改革與重整上面臨最大的問題包含有:
Morphostasis - - the process of retaining a structure, organization or form. It is actively pursued as in the goal of perfect adaption. Morphostatic forces refer to admit only those changes that do not threaten existing structures.
Morphogenesis - - differentiation and growth of the structure of an organization; this idea comes from the Developmental Biology to explain that morphogenesis involves an attempt to understand the shapes of tissues, organs, and entire organisms. That is, the process in complex system-environment exchanges that tends to elaborate a systems' given form or structure. A morphogenic system is capable of maintaining its continuity and integrity by changing essential aspects of its structure or orgainization.
Homeostasis - - the balance of power; a process of interaction or mechanism which balances various influences and effects such that a stable state or stable behavior is maintained.
See Prof. Archer (1995), Prof. Priestley (2007), and Web dictionary (2008).